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Contoh Soal Making Inferences
Soal
Read the text and answer the question.
Much of what we throw away could be used again. Recycling puts “garbage” to
good use. Recycling helps preserve precious resources because it reduces the use of
raw materials and energy. It also reduces the pollution as the waste is not dumped.
Glass can be re-melted. This is better than making fresh glass from raw
materials, but it is even better to reuse the bottle whole. Metals can be recycled by
being re-melted and then used to make other new items. The metals to recycle from an
ordinary household are aluminium and steel from cans. Scrap from cars gives several
different metals for recycling.
Paper is easy to recycle. Every home and office should have a paper recycling
routine. Plastics are the worst problem because they do not biodegrade easily. They are
also hard to recycle and cause harmful pollution when burned. It is important to use as
little plastic as possible and only use plastic products that are recyclable or
biodegradable.
Recycling is now a ‘must’, if we want to solve the problems of the world.
What can we infer from the text?
A. It is important to use as little plastic as possible.
B. Scrap from cars gives several different metals for recycling.
C. Plastic is the worst problem because it does not biodegrade.
D. Recycling saves raw materials and energy as well as the earth.
E. Metals can be re-melted and then used to make other new items.
Kunci Jawaban: D
Pembahasan:
Soal di atas dimaksudkan untuk menguji kemampuan siswa dalam membuat inference. Sebagian siswa (52%) tidak dapat menjawab benar soal ini. Berdasarkan uraian dari awal hingga akhir teks dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengolahan dan penggunaan kembali barang-barang bekas menghemat bahan-bahan mentah, energi, dan sekaligus menyelamatkan bumi.
Untuk melatih making inferences, siswa perlu dibiasakan dengan pertanyaanpertanyaan yang jawabannya tidak tersurat. Mereka harus dilatih membuat asumsi dan kesimpulan beyond the text berdasarkan pesan/gagasan/informasi yang dinyatakan secara eksplisit dan ada kalanya melibatkan pengetahuan umum siswa. Mereka dapat bekerja secara individu dan/atau berkelompok. Mereka perlu menerapkan baik pendekatan bottomup maupun top-down dalam membaca untuk dapat making inferences. Pendekatan bottomup berarti memahami pesan melalui makna unsur-unsur pembentuk kalimat dari unit yang kecil, yaitu kata, frasa, dan klausa yang dirangkai menggunakan tata bahasa. Sementara itu pendekatan top-downadalah memahami pesan/gagasan/informasi dengan melibatkan pengetahuan yang telah dimiliki pembaca sebelumnya. Making inferences menghendaki dua pendekatan tersebut.
Contoh Soal Making Inferences
Soal
Read the text and answer the question.
Much of what we throw away could be used again. Recycling puts “garbage” to
good use. Recycling helps preserve precious resources because it reduces the use of
raw materials and energy. It also reduces the pollution as the waste is not dumped.
Glass can be re-melted. This is better than making fresh glass from raw
materials, but it is even better to reuse the bottle whole. Metals can be recycled by
being re-melted and then used to make other new items. The metals to recycle from an
ordinary household are aluminium and steel from cans. Scrap from cars gives several
different metals for recycling.
Paper is easy to recycle. Every home and office should have a paper recycling
routine. Plastics are the worst problem because they do not biodegrade easily. They are
also hard to recycle and cause harmful pollution when burned. It is important to use as
little plastic as possible and only use plastic products that are recyclable or
biodegradable.
Recycling is now a ‘must’, if we want to solve the problems of the world.
What can we infer from the text?
A. It is important to use as little plastic as possible.
B. Scrap from cars gives several different metals for recycling.
C. Plastic is the worst problem because it does not biodegrade.
D. Recycling saves raw materials and energy as well as the earth.
E. Metals can be re-melted and then used to make other new items.
Kunci Jawaban: D
Pembahasan:
Soal di atas dimaksudkan untuk menguji kemampuan siswa dalam membuat inference. Sebagian siswa (52%) tidak dapat menjawab benar soal ini. Berdasarkan uraian dari awal hingga akhir teks dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengolahan dan penggunaan kembali barang-barang bekas menghemat bahan-bahan mentah, energi, dan sekaligus menyelamatkan bumi.
Untuk melatih making inferences, siswa perlu dibiasakan dengan pertanyaanpertanyaan yang jawabannya tidak tersurat. Mereka harus dilatih membuat asumsi dan kesimpulan beyond the text berdasarkan pesan/gagasan/informasi yang dinyatakan secara eksplisit dan ada kalanya melibatkan pengetahuan umum siswa. Mereka dapat bekerja secara individu dan/atau berkelompok. Mereka perlu menerapkan baik pendekatan bottomup maupun top-down dalam membaca untuk dapat making inferences. Pendekatan bottomup berarti memahami pesan melalui makna unsur-unsur pembentuk kalimat dari unit yang kecil, yaitu kata, frasa, dan klausa yang dirangkai menggunakan tata bahasa. Sementara itu pendekatan top-downadalah memahami pesan/gagasan/informasi dengan melibatkan pengetahuan yang telah dimiliki pembaca sebelumnya. Making inferences menghendaki dua pendekatan tersebut.